From Manual to Digital: A Systematic Review of Simrs Planning as a Foundation for E-Hospital Implementation in the World and In Indonesia

Dyah Ayu Retnaningtyas; Muhammad  Munsarif

doi:10.58344/ihj.v5i3.946

Authors

Dyah Ayu Retnaningtyas Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
Muhammad Munsarif Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58344/ihj.v5i3.946

Keywords:

Digital maturity, E-Hospital, Hospital management information system, Information system planning, Technology-Organization-Environment

Abstract

Hospital digital transformation requires comprehensive planning that aligns technological capabilities, organizational readiness, and environmental support. However, evidence regarding Hospital Management Information System (HMIS) planning remains fragmented, particularly concerning differences between international contexts and Indonesia. This systematic literature review aimed to identify key planning factors supporting electronic hospital (e-hospital) implementation and compare their application across different healthcare settings. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2021 and 2026. Of the 738 records initially identified, 27 studies met the eligibility criteria, comprising 14 studies conducted in Indonesia and 13 international studies. The findings were synthesized narratively using the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework. Technological factors included infrastructure readiness, system interoperability, usability, and cybersecurity. Organizational factors encompassed workforce competencies, leadership commitment, strategic alignment, and change management. Environmental factors involved regulatory requirements, financing mechanisms, institutional incentives, and digital maturity assessments. The findings indicated that hospitals in more digitally advanced settings increasingly emphasized interoperability and system optimization, whereas Indonesian hospitals continued to encounter interconnected challenges related to infrastructure, workforce capabilities, financial resources, and system integration. The synthesis further suggested that regulatory compliance and system adoption alone were insufficient indicators of digital maturity. Effective planning therefore requires an integrated approach across technological, organizational, and environmental dimensions, supported by coordinated investment, stakeholder participation, measurable implementation roadmaps, and periodic digital maturity assessments. These findings provide an evidence-informed foundation for sustainable e-hospital implementation and the development of more integrated, efficient, and responsive hospital information systems.

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